NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Science

Free download NCERT Solutions for class 9 Science English and Hindi Medium for 2021 – 2022 academic session in PDF format for CBSE and UP Board (High School) students. All chapter and their exercises solutions along with intext questions solutions are free to download and keep it to use offline. NCERT Books and Main points of the chapters are given under the head of chapter name that must be covered after the completion of chapter. Prepare for an annual exam based on entire syllabus of CBSE for 2021 – 2022.

The following NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Science are given chapter by chapter including important terms of each chapter. Under the chapter’s name, the main points to be covered from each chapter are given. So during the study NCERT books, students must see these important points.

NCERT Solutions – All chapters of Science class 9th

Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings

The chapter Matter in Our Surroundings contains physical properties of matter, characteristics of particles of matter, states of matter – Solid, liquid and gas, changing one state to another state – melting, freezing & evaporation, effect of pressure and temperature, Evaporation and the factors affecting the rate of evaporation.

Chapter 2: Is Matter Around Us Pure?

Is matter around us pure? give a brief idea about pure substances, mixtures, solutions, colloidal and suspensions. Meaning and type of mixture, solutions -Homogeneous & Heterogeneous, properties of solutions, colloidal and suspensions. Separation of components of mixture and their application. Physical and chemical changes, Some basic idea about elements and compounds.

Chapter 3: Atoms and Molecules

Atoms and Molecules – Laws of chemical combination, law of conservation of mass and energy, law of constant proportions and Dalton’s atomic theory. Size, symbol and mass of an atom, molecules of elements and compounds & ions (cation & anions). Writing chemical formula of simple compounds, molecular mass and mole concepts, formula unit mass.

Chapter 4: Structure of the Atom

Structure of the atom – Proposal of various scientist of atomic model – J J Thomson‘s model and their drawbacks. Rutherford’s experiment, observation, concluded model of an atom and drawbacks. Bohr’s model of an atom and correction of Rutherford’s model, distributions of electrons in different energy levels (K, L, M, … shells). Particles of an atom – Neutrons, protons & electrons, valency and valance electron, Atomic number, mass number, Isotopes and Isobars.

Chapter 5: The Fundamental Unit of Life

The fundamental unit of life – Cell: Robert Hooke’s observation through a self-designed microscope. Structural organization of a cell, Structure & functions of different cells and cell membrane. Effect of hypotonic, isotonic & hypertonic solutions on a cell. Description about Cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, cell organelles – Endoplasmic reticulum (RER & SER), Golgi apparatus, Lysosomes (suicide bags), Mitochondria (powerhouses of the cell), Plastids and Vacuoles.

Chapter 6: Tissues

Different type of tissues: Plant tissues – meristematic tissue (apical, lateral and intercalary), Permanent tissue – Simple permanent tissue (parenchyma, chlorenchyma, aerenchyma & sclerenchyma), Complex permanent tissue – xylem and phloem. Animal tissues – Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscular tissue and Nervous tissue.

Chapter 7: Diversity in Living Organisms

In diversity in living organisms there are attempts made by scientist. Aristotle – Classification of animals according to their living on land, water or air. A eukaryotic cell has membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus. The Origin of Species – Description of Charles Darwin’s idea of evolution in 1859. Biologists, such as Ernst Haeckel (1894), Robert Whittaker (1959) and Carl Woese (1977) have tried to classify all living organisms into broad categories, called kingdoms. Classification of organisms – Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species and Nomenclature.

Chapter 8: Motion

Describing motion in a straight line – uniform motion and non-uniform motions. Difference between Vector & Scalar, Distance & Displacement, Speed & Velocity. Acceleration – Rate of change of velocity and average speed and velocity. Graphical representation of motion, derivation of three equation of motion and numerical based on equation of motion. Concepts on uniform circular motion.

Chapter 9: Force and Laws of Motion

In chapter force and laws of motion, there is balance and unbalance forces. First law of motion – Galileo’s concept – law of inertia ( relation of inertia to mass of the body). Second law of motion – momentum, rate of change of momentum. Third law of motion – for every action there is equal and opposite reaction, applications on first, second and third laws of motion. Conservation of momentum and their application in daily life.

Chapter 10: Gravitation

Gravitational force and Newton’s universal law of gravitation and numerical based on it. Concept of free fall, values of g (gravitational acceleration), G (universal gravitational constant), applications based on motion under the influence of gravitational force, difference between mass & weight, thrust & pressure, buoyancy & buoyant force. Archimedes’ principle and Relative density.

Chapter 11: Work and Energy

Relation between work and energy, situation when work is done. Scientific conception of work, work done by constant force. Different forms of energy -Kinetic energy (Energy due to its motion) & Potential energy (Energy due to its position). Application on kinetic and potential energy, energy of an object at a height. Law of conservation of energy and rate of doing work (power). Commercial unit of energy (Kwh) and numerical based on kinetic, potential & kwh.

Chapter 12: Sound

Production and propagation of sound. Transverse and longitudinal waves, requirement of medium for sound wave. Characteristic of a sound wave – frequency, amplitude and speed. Crest & Trough, Compression & Rarefaction to find wavelength. Soft & Louder sound, Low & High pitched sound. Speed of sound in different medium and numerical based on velocity = frequency x wavelength. Reflection of sound, condition for echo (17.2 m), Reverberation, uses of multiple reflection – Megaphone, horn, stethoscope. Range of hearing & application of Ultrasound – SONAR.

Chapter 13: Why do We Fall ill

Health and its significance, reasons about why do we fall ill. Personal and community issues for health, distinctions between healthy and disease free person. Categories of diseases – Acute & Chronic (Causes and precautions), Infectious (infectious agents) & Non-infectious, Organ specific & Tissue specific manifestations. Means of spreading the disease, principles of treatment & prevention, hygiene and immunisation.

Chapter 14: Natural Resources

What are the natural resources on the Earth. Role of the atmosphere in climate control & conditions of air or wind. Rain water (a wonder liquid) and its components. Air, water & land pollution and their prevention & awareness. How do Sun makes soil rich in minerals. Biogeochemical Cycle – The water cycle, The nitrogen cycle, The oxygen cycle and Carbon cycle. Green house effect & Ozone layer – factors affecting & awareness to harmful effect and control measure.

Chapter 15: Improvement in Food Resources

How do we make Improvement in food resources and livestock. The major groups of activities for improving crop yields – Crop variety improvement, Crop production improvement, Crop protection management. Difference between Manure & Fertilizers. Irrigation systems – Wells, Canals, River lift system, Tanks. Controlling system for weeds, insects and diseases. Animal husbandry – Cattle farming, Poultry farming (egg and broiler production), Fish production and Bee keeping.

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